Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Victoria Land, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica

Oldest recorded age at locality: 536.5
Youngest recorded age at locality: 525.5

mindat Locality ID: 24850
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-24850.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Victoria Land, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica": 81
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 57

Number of Child Localities: 25
Child Localities:
Allan Hills
Byrd Glacier
Coombs Hills
Elephant Moraine
Everett Range
Frontier Mountain Meteorite Trap
Grosvenor Mountains
Harrow Peaks
Litell Rocks
Lower Taylor Valley
Malta Plateau
Mawson Glacier
McMurdo Dry Valleys
Mount Adamson
Mount Wisting
Mountaineer Range
Olympus Range
Outback Nunataks
Pipecleaner Glacier Region
Prince Albert Range
Queen Alexandra Range
Ross Island
Royal Society Range
Transantarctic Mts
Wright Valley

Latitude: 77°9'7"S
Longitude: 147°24'53"E
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -77.151944444444,147.41472222222
AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Al B Bi C Ca Ce Cl Cr Cu F Fe H K La Li Mg Mn Mo N Na Ni O P S Si Ti Zr 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Ca H O S 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AllaniteAluniteAmorphousAmphiboleApatiteAragoniteBaddeleyiteBlöditeCalciteCancrinite-sodalite
CeriteClayClinozoisiteCoronaditeCorundumCristobaliteDiamondDiasporeDjerfisheriteEpidote
ErioniteEttringiteFeldsparFluoriteGarnetGismondineGypsumHaxoniteHumiteIron
MagnetoplumbiteMeliliteMicaMilariteMilleriteMolybdeniteMordeniteNatroliteNickelineNone
NorthupiteNot in a structural groupOlivinePentlanditePerovskitePrehnitePseudobrookitePyritePyrochlorePyroxene
QuartzRhabdophaneRhodoniteRocksaltRosenbergiteRutileSapphirineSmectite-vermiculiteSodaliteSpinel
StibniteTitaniteTourmalineTridymiteZircon

132 IMA Minerals at location:
Actinolite  (*)Akaganeite  (*)Alabandite  (*)Albite  (*)Allanite-(La)  (*)
Anatase  (*)Andradite  (*)Anhydrite  (*)Ankerite  (*)Anorthite  (*)
Antarcticite  (*)Aragonite  (*)Armalcolite  (*)Augite  (*)Babingtonite  (*)
Baddeleyite  (*)Bassanite  (*)Bismuthinite  (*)Blödite  (*)Boggsite  (*)
Burkeite  (*)Calcite  (*)Chlorapatite  (*)Chondrodite  (*)Chromite  (*)
Clinoenstatite  (*)Cohenite  (*)Corundum  (*)Cowlesite  (*)Cristobalite  (*)
Darapskite  (*)Daubréelite  (*)Diamond  (*)Diopside  (*)Djerfisherite  (*)
Dolomite  (*)Dravite  (*)Elbaite  (*)Enstatite  (*)Epidote  (*)
Epistilbite  (*)Erionite-Na  (*)Esseneite  (*)Fayalite  (*)Ferri-kaersutite  (*)
Ferrimolybdite  (*)Ferrosilite  (*)Fluorapatite  (*)Fluorite  (*)Forsterite  (*)
Garronite-Ca  (*)Gaylussite  (*)Gehlenite  (*)Geikielite  (*)Goethite  (*)
Gottardiite  (*)Graphite  (*)Grossite  (*)Gypsum  (*)Halite  (*)
Hastingsite  (*)Haxonite  (*)Heazlewoodite  (*)Hedenbergite  (*)Hibonite  (*)
Hydrohalite  (*)Hydrokenoralstonite  (*)Hydromagnesite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Iron  (*)
Jarosite  (*)Kaersutite  (*)Kushiroite  (*)Laumontite  (*)Lonsdaleite  (*)
Magnesite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Merrillite  (*)Mesolite  (*)Millerite  (*)
Mirabilite  (*)Molybdenite  (*)Montmorillonite  (*)Mordenite  (*)Muscovite  (*)
Mutinaite  (*)Nepheline  (*)Niningerite  (*)Northupite  (*)Okenite  (*)
Oldhamite  (*)Opal  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Osbornite  (*)Pargasite  (*)
Pentlandite  (*)Perovskite  (*)Perryite  (*)Phlogopite  (*)Pigeonite  (*)
Prehnite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyroxferroite  (*)Pyrrhotite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Rhönite  (*)Ringwoodite  (*)Roedderite  (*)Rosenbergite  (*)Rutile  (*)
Schreibersite  (*)Scolecite  (*)Siderite  (*)Sinoite  (*)Sodalite  (*)
Spinel  (*)Spodumene  (*)Suessite  (*)Taenite  (*)Terranovaite  (*)
Tetrataenite  (*)Thaumasite  (*)Thénardite  (*)Thermonatrite  (*)Titanite  (*)
Tremolite  (*)Tridymite  (*)Troilite  (*)Tschernichite  (*)Ulvöspinel  (*)
Vaterite  (*)Zircon  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Actinolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe2+0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2536.5525.5118443419
Akaganeite  (*)Coronadite(Fe3+,Ni2+)8(OH,O)16Cl1.25·nH2O536.5525.51183163
Alabandite  (*)RocksaltMnS536.5525.531820,1821,1850312
Albite  (*)FeldsparNa(AlSi3O8)536.5525.561832,1844,1848,1850,1882,18878803
Allanite-(La)  (*)Allanite EpidoteCaLa(Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)536.5525.51186325
Anatase  (*)Not in a structural groupTiO2536.5525.5118412162
Andradite  (*)GarnetCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3536.5525.521882,18941534
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)536.5525.5118411588
Ankerite  (*)NoneCa(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2536.5525.5118193092
Anorthite  (*)FeldsparCa(Al2Si2O8)536.5525.531821,1841,18481036
Antarcticite  (*)Not in a structural groupCaCl2·6H2O536.5525.521890,189611
Aragonite  (*)AragoniteCa(CO3)536.5525.5118893250
Armalcolite  (*)Pseudobrookite(Mg,Fe2+)Ti2O5536.5525.51182139
Augite  (*)Pyroxene(Ca,Mg,Fe)2Si2O6536.5525.5131819,1821,1829,1830,1831,1837,1841,1848,1852,1856,1886,1888,18942060
Babingtonite  (*)RhodoniteCa2Fe2+Fe3+Si5O14(OH)536.5525.511861161
Baddeleyite  (*)BaddeleyiteZrO2536.5525.511886238
Bassanite  (*)RhabdophaneCa(SO4)·0.5H2O536.5525.5082
Bismuthinite  (*)StibniteBi2S3536.5525.5118441935
Blödite  (*)BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2·4H2O536.5525.521870,1877130
Boggsite  (*)NoneNa3Ca8(Si77Al19)O192·70H2O536.5525.5118712
Burkeite  (*)NoneNa4(SO4)(CO3)536.5525.521868,189047
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)536.5525.591844,1851,1852,1860,1871,1882,1887,1889,189727770
Chlorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3Cl536.5525.541833,1840,1852,1886203
Chondrodite  (*)HumiteMg5(SiO4)2F2536.5525.511844285
Chromite  (*)SpinelFe2+Cr2O4536.5525.5141818,1819,1821,1829,1830,1831,1840,1841,1847,1848,1852,1855,1856,18863902
Clinoenstatite  (*)PyroxeneMg2Si2O6536.5525.541818,1841,1847,188794
Cohenite  (*)PerovskiteCFe3536.5525.531836,1838,184177
Corundum  (*)CorundumAl2O3536.5525.5118411797
Cowlesite  (*)NoneCa(Al2Si3)O10·5-6H2O536.5525.51187184
Cristobalite  (*)CristobaliteSiO2536.5525.531871,1887,1889453
Darapskite  (*)NoneNa3(SO4)(NO3)·H2O536.5525.521870,187731
Daubréelite  (*)SpinelFeCr2S4536.5525.541820,1821,1850,1887157
Diamond  (*)DiamondC536.5525.541836,1838,1841,1855697
Diopside  (*)PyroxeneCaMgSi2O6536.5525.5111820,1821,1829,1830,1835,1837,1841,1850,1855,1859,18944135
Djerfisherite  (*)DjerfisheriteK6(Fe,Cu,Ni)25S26Cl536.5525.51182060
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)2536.5525.531821,1851,18759895
Dravite  (*)TourmalineNaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)536.5525.511844648
Elbaite  (*)TourmalineNa(Al1.5Li1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)536.5525.511844520
Enstatite  (*)PyroxeneMg2Si2O6536.5525.581820,1821,1830,1839,1848,1850,1856,1887944
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)536.5525.5118608173
Epistilbite  (*)MordeniteCa3[Si18Al6O48]·16H2O536.5525.511871138
Erionite-Na  (*)ErioniteNa10[Si26Al10O72]·30H2O536.5525.51187113
Esseneite  (*)PyroxeneCaFe3+AlSiO6536.5525.51182117
Fayalite  (*)OlivineFe2+2(SiO4)536.5525.521832,1886371
Ferri-kaersutite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2(Mg3Fe3+Ti)(Si6Al2)O22O2536.5525.5118597
Ferrimolybdite  (*)NoneFe3+2(Mo6+O4)3·7H2O536.5525.511854345
Ferrosilite  (*)PyroxeneFe2+2Si2O6536.5525.51182984
Fluorapatite  (*)ApatiteCa5(PO4)3F536.5525.5118902740
Fluorite  (*)FluoriteCaF2536.5525.5118829617
Forsterite  (*)OlivineMg2(SiO4)536.5525.5141818,1820,1821,1829,1830,1833,1837,1839,1840,1841,1848,1859,1873,18891188
Garronite-Ca  (*)GismondineCa3(Al6Si10O32)·14H2O536.5525.51186766
Gaylussite  (*)NoneNa2Ca(CO3)2·5H2O536.5525.51188957
Gehlenite  (*)MeliliteCa2Al(SiAl)O7536.5525.511821114
Geikielite  (*)CorundumMgTiO3536.5525.51182070
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)536.5525.5118877437
Gottardiite  (*)NoneNa3Mg3Ca5Al19Si117O272·93H2O536.5525.5118711
Graphite  (*)NoneC536.5525.581836,1837,1838,1841,1848,1850,1882,18872812
Grossite  (*)NoneCaAl4O7536.5525.51182119
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O536.5525.551852,1871,1887,1889,18966890
Halite  (*)RocksaltNaCl536.5525.531870,1877,18961398
Hastingsite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2536.5525.511882209
Haxonite  (*)Haxonite(Fe,Ni)23C6536.5525.51184126
Heazlewoodite  (*)NoneNi3S2536.5525.511821205
Hedenbergite  (*)PyroxeneCaFe2+Si2O6536.5525.521882,1886741
Hibonite  (*)MagnetoplumbiteCaAl12O19536.5525.531821,1830,184180
Hydrohalite  (*)NoneNaCl·2H2O536.5525.51189617
Hydrokenoralstonite  (*)Pyrochlore   2Al2F6(H2O)536.5525.51189056
Hydromagnesite  (*)NoneMg5(CO3)4(OH)2·4H2O536.5525.511836341
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O3536.5525.561831,1840,1852,1855,1886,18905433
Iron  (*)IronFe536.5525.5151820,1821,1830,1835,1836,1837,1839,1840,1841,1847,1848,1850,1855,1856,18871089
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6536.5525.521831,18862228
Kaersutite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2(Mg3AlTi4+)(Si6Al2)O22O2536.5525.531831,1852,1890179
Kushiroite  (*)PyroxeneCaAlAlSiO6536.5525.5118214
Laumontite  (*)Not in a structural groupCaAl2Si4O12·4H2O536.5525.5118671271
Lonsdaleite  (*)NoneC536.5525.51183813
Magnesite  (*)CalciteMg(CO3)536.5525.5118191487
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O4536.5525.5101819,1821,1837,1841,1844,1849,1852,1886,1890,189414899
Merrillite  (*)CeriteCa9NaMg(PO4)7536.5525.571819,1830,1831,1833,1840,1852,1886230
Mesolite  (*)NatroliteNa2Ca2(Si9Al6)O30·8H2O536.5525.511867425
Millerite  (*)MilleriteNiS536.5525.5118871066
Mirabilite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)·10H2O536.5525.511888223
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS2536.5525.5118545800
Montmorillonite  (*)Clay Smectite-vermiculite(Na,Ca)0.3(Al,Mg)2Si4O10(OH)2·nH2O536.5525.5118891508
Mordenite  (*)Mordenite(Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96·28H2O536.5525.511871405
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2536.5525.531844,1889,189217380
Mutinaite  (*)NoneNa3Ca4Al11Si85O192·60H2O536.5525.5118711
Nepheline  (*)TridymiteNa3K(Al4Si4O16)536.5525.531829,1882,1890884
Niningerite  (*)RocksaltMgS536.5525.521828,188728
Northupite  (*)NorthupiteNa3Mg(CO3)2Cl536.5525.51188931
Okenite  (*)NoneCa10Si18O46·18H2O536.5525.51186771
Oldhamite  (*)RocksaltCaS536.5525.541820,1839,1850,188758
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O536.5525.521848,18712994
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)536.5525.5118822349
Osbornite  (*)RocksaltTiN536.5525.51182120
Pargasite  (*)AmphiboleNaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2536.5525.511859313
Pentlandite  (*)Pentlandite(Ni,Fe)9S8536.5525.561821,1831,1841,1848,1849,18521512
Perovskite  (*)PerovskiteCaTiO3536.5525.531820,1821,1841495
Perryite  (*)None(Ni,Fe)8(Si,P)3536.5525.531828,1839,188725
Phlogopite  (*)Mica ClayKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2536.5525.5118442273
Pigeonite  (*)Pyroxene(Mg,Fe,Ca)2Si2O6536.5525.571821,1831,1841,1848,1852,1855,1886303
Prehnite  (*)PrehniteCa2Al(Si3Al)O10(OH)2536.5525.521860,18611898
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS2536.5525.541819,1844,1849,187539462
Pyroxferroite  (*)NoneFe2+SiO3536.5525.521852,188617
Pyrrhotite  (*)NickelineFe7S8536.5525.571819,1821,1831,1841,1848,1852,18869056
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO2536.5525.561844,1848,1860,1861,1871,189261156
Rhönite  (*)SapphirineCa4[Mg8Fe3+2Ti2]O4[Si6Al6O36]536.5525.51188947
Ringwoodite  (*)SpinelSiMg2O4536.5525.51185225
Roedderite  (*)MilariteKNaMg2(Mg3Si12)O30536.5525.51183730
Rosenbergite  (*)RosenbergiteAlF[F0.5(H2O)0.5]4·H2O536.5525.5118904
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO2536.5525.531821,1841,18865614
Schreibersite  (*)None(Fe,Ni)3P536.5525.581820,1821,1838,1839,1841,1848,1855,1887374
Scolecite  (*)NatroliteCa(Si3Al2)O10·3H2O536.5525.511867390
Siderite  (*)CalciteFe(CO3)536.5525.5118896417
Sinoite  (*)NoneSi2N2O536.5525.5118509
Sodalite  (*)Cancrinite-sodalite SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl536.5525.521833,1840444
Spinel  (*)SpinelMgAl2O4536.5525.5111821,1829,1830,1831,1840,1841,1847,1852,1859,1886,18941934
Spodumene  (*)PyroxeneLiAlSi2O6536.5525.511844688
Suessite  (*)NoneFe3Si536.5525.5118486
Taenite  (*)None(Ni,Fe)536.5525.581821,1830,1835,1836,1840,1841,1847,1855703
Terranovaite  (*)NoneNaCaAl3Si17O40·~8H2O536.5525.5118711
Tetrataenite  (*)NoneFeNi536.5525.541821,1830,1841,1847116
Thaumasite  (*)EttringiteCa3Si(OH)6(CO3)(SO4)·12H2O536.5525.511889183
Thénardite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)536.5525.531870,1877,1889299
Thermonatrite  (*)NoneNa2(CO3)·H2O536.5525.51188964
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O536.5525.521844,18824899
Tremolite  (*)Amphibole   Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)2536.5525.5118442562
Tridymite  (*)TridymiteSiO2536.5525.511889458
Troilite  (*)NoneFeS536.5525.5211818,1820,1821,1824,1825,1829,1830,1833,1835,1836,1837,1838,1840,1841,1847,1848,1850,1855,1856,1873,18871044
Tschernichite  (*)NoneCaAl2Si6O16·8H2O536.5525.5118717
Ulvöspinel  (*)SpinelFe2+2TiO4536.5525.531831,1852,1886120
Vaterite  (*)NoneCa(CO3)536.5525.51188937
Zircon  (*)ZirconZr(SiO4)536.5525.5118825251


Locality Notes from all Ages at Locality:
Age IDLocality Notes
Jen_0000899MAGMATIC STYLE: Dyke, at least 0.7 m thick, intruding nepheline syenite.. ASSOCIATED SILICATE ROCKS: Nepheline syenite.


1 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Jen_0000899536.5525.5531±5.5U-Pb zircon   Zircon  24850Victoria Land, Eastern Antarctica, AntarcticaSouth Victoria LandWoolley and Kjarsgaard (2008)10.4095/225115GSCOF5796 

SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R060054Mt Erebus, Ross Island, Victoria Land, Eastern Antarctica, Antarcticahttps://rruff.info/R060054

All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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