Mineral name Structural Groups IMA Formula Max Age (Ma) Min Age (Ma) # of Sublocalities containing mineral LOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids # of localities containing mineral Actinolite (*) Amphibole Ca2 (Mg4.5-2.5 Fe2+ 0.5-2.5 )Si8 O22 (OH)2 536.5 525.5 2 1763 ,1844 3419 Aegirine (*) Pyroxene NaFe3+ Si2 O6 2 1764 ,1765 1022 Aegirine-augite (*) Pyroxene (Ca,Na)(Fe3+ ,Mg,Fe2+ )Si2 O6 1 1764 286 Aenigmatite (*) Sapphirine Na4 [Fe2+ 10 Ti2 ]O4 [Si12 O36 ] 1 1764 133 Akaganeite (*) Coronadite (Fe3+ ,Ni2+ )8 (OH,O)16 Cl1.25 ·nH2 O 536.5 525.5 2 1671 ,1831 63 Akimotoite (*) Corundum MgSiO3 3 1661 ,1663 ,1741 10 Alabandite (*) Rocksalt MnS 536.5 0.006 5 1781 ,1786 ,1820 ,1821 ,1850 312 Albite (*) Feldspar Na(AlSi3 O8 ) 2464 0.006 20 1675 ,1689 ,1691 ,1692 ,1695 ,1712 ,1738 ,1748 ,1749 ,1764 ,1776 ,1786 ,1812 ,1832 ,1844 ,1848 ,1850 ,1882 ,1887 ,1900 8803 Allanite-(La) (*) Allanite Epidote CaLa(Al2 Fe2+ )[Si2 O7 ][SiO4 ]O(OH) 536.5 525.5 1 1863 25 Almandine (*) Garnet Fe2+ 3 Al2 (SiO4 )3 2464 2448 10 1681 ,1683 ,1691 ,1705 ,1711 ,1724 ,1734 ,1763 ,1900 ,1902 2353 Alunite (*) None KAl3 (SO4 )2 (OH)6 1 1737 966 Amesite (*) Clay Serpentine Mg2 Al(AlSiO5 )(OH)4 1 1668 74 Analcime (*) Analcime Na(AlSi2 O6 )·H2 O 1 1764 1627 Anatase (*) Not in a structural group TiO2 536.5 525.5 1 1841 2162 Andalusite (*) Andalusite Al2 SiO5 2464 2448 5 1687 ,1711 ,1726 ,1763 ,1812 1310 Andradite (*) Garnet Ca3 Fe3+ 2 (SiO4 )3 536.5 525.5 2 1882 ,1894 1534 Anhydrite (*) Not in a structural group Ca(SO4 ) 536.5 525.5 2 1720 ,1841 1588 Ankerite (*) None Ca(Fe2+ ,Mg)(CO3 )2 536.5 525.5 2 1669 ,1819 3092 Anorthite (*) Feldspar Ca(Al2 Si2 O8 ) 536.5 0.006 14 1724 ,1729 ,1733 ,1745 ,1746 ,1758 ,1775 ,1780 ,1781 ,1785 ,1786 ,1821 ,1841 ,1848 1036 Antarcticite (*) Not in a structural group CaCl2 ·6H2 O 536.5 525.5 2 1890 ,1896 11 Antigorite (*) Serpentine Clay Mg3 Si2 O5 (OH)4 2 1720 ,1737 708 Aragonite (*) Aragonite Ca(CO3 ) 536.5 525.5 4 1718 ,1720 ,1728 ,1889 3250 Armalcolite (*) Pseudobrookite (Mg,Fe2+ )Ti2 O5 536.5 525.5 1 1821 39 Atacamite (*) Atacamite Cu2 Cl(OH)3 2 1728 ,1734 544 Augite (*) Pyroxene (Ca,Mg,Fe)2 Si2 O6 536.5 0.006 33 1664 ,1669 ,1737 ,1738 ,1745 ,1746 ,1756 ,1758 ,1764 ,1765 ,1775 ,1779 ,1780 ,1783 ,1784 ,1785 ,1788 ,1790 ,1791 ,1792 ,1819 ,1821 ,1829 ,1830 ,1831 ,1837 ,1841 ,1848 ,1852 ,1856 ,1886 ,1888 ,1894 2060 Awaruite (*) Auricupride Perovskite Ni3 Fe 1 1720 166 Babingtonite (*) Rhodonite Ca2 Fe2+ Fe3+ Si5 O14 (OH) 536.5 525.5 1 1861 161 Baddeleyite (*) Baddeleyite ZrO2 536.5 525.5 2 1756 ,1886 238 Barringerite (*) Barringerite (Fe,Ni)2 P 1 1743 22 Baryte (*) Baryte Ba(SO4 ) 1 1900 11547 Bassanite (*) Rhabdophane Ca(SO4 )·0.5H2 O 536.5 525.5 2 1788 ,1816 82 Beryl (*) Beryl Be3 Al2 Si6 O18 2485 2485 3 1678 ,1711 ,1724 4286 Bismuthinite (*) Stibnite Bi2 S3 536.5 525.5 1 1844 1935 Blödite (*) Blödite Na2 Mg(SO4 )2 ·4H2 O 536.5 525.5 2 1870 ,1877 130 Boggsite (*) None Na3 Ca8 (Si77 Al19 )O192 ·70H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1871 2 Boralsilite (*) None Al16 B6 O30 (Si2 O7 ) 2 1711 ,1715 4 Borax (*) None Na2 B4 O5 (OH)4 ·8H2 O 0.154 0.006 1 1770 76 Bornite (*) None Cu5 FeS4 1 1738 5516 Brushite (*) Gypsum Ca(PO3 OH)·2H2 O 1 1718 104 Burkeite (*) None Na4 (SO4 )(CO3 ) 536.5 525.5 2 1868 ,1890 47 Calcite (*) Calcite Ca(CO3 ) 928 525.5 17 1665 ,1669 ,1704 ,1718 ,1733 ,1762 ,1763 ,1764 ,1844 ,1851 ,1852 ,1860 ,1871 ,1882 ,1887 ,1889 ,1897 27770 Cassiterite (*) Rutile SnO2 1 1716 5171 Caswellsilverite (*) Scacchite NaCrS2 1 1738 5 Celestine (*) Baryte Sr(SO4 ) 1 1712 1252 Celsian (*) Feldspar Ba(Al2 Si2 O8 ) 0.154 0.006 1 1775 100 Chalcopyrite (*) Chalcopyrite CuFeS2 2 1762 ,1763 27198 Chladniite (*) Fillowite Na3 CaMg11 (PO4 )9 2 1814 ,1815 4 Chlorapatite (*) Apatite Ca5 (PO4 )3 Cl 2485 496 6 1678 ,1704 ,1833 ,1840 ,1852 ,1886 203 Chondrodite (*) Humite Mg5 (SiO4 )2 F2 536.5 525.5 1 1844 285 Chopinite (*) None Mg3 (PO4 )2 2 1712 ,1815 2 Chromite (*) Spinel Fe2+ Cr2 O4 536.5 0.006 26 1658 ,1661 ,1664 ,1707 ,1720 ,1742 ,1756 ,1783 ,1789 ,1809 ,1814 ,1815 ,1818 ,1819 ,1821 ,1829 ,1830 ,1831 ,1840 ,1841 ,1847 ,1848 ,1852 ,1855 ,1856 ,1886 3902 Chrysoberyl (*) Olivine BeAl2 O4 2485 2448 2 1682 ,1683 321 Clinochlore (*) Chlorite Clay Mg5 Al(AlSi3 O10 )(OH)8 2 1720 ,1757 1756 Clinoenstatite (*) Pyroxene Mg2 Si2 O6 536.5 0.006 7 1781 ,1782 ,1786 ,1818 ,1841 ,1847 ,1887 94 Clinohumite (*) Humite Mg9 (SiO4 )4 F2 928 541 2 1704 ,1762 236 Coesite (*) Not in a structural group SiO2 1 1760 77 Cohenite (*) Perovskite CFe3 536.5 525.5 5 1745 ,1810 ,1836 ,1838 ,1841 77 Copiapite (*) Copiapite Fe2+ Fe3+ 4 (SO4 )6 (OH)2 ·20H2 O 1 1734 382 Copper (*) Copper Cu 1 1658 3846 Cordierite (*) Beryl Mg2 Al4 Si5 O18 2464 2448 19 1673 ,1675 ,1678 ,1681 ,1687 ,1690 ,1691 ,1692 ,1694 ,1698 ,1705 ,1711 ,1714 ,1715 ,1716 ,1729 ,1763 ,1900 ,1902 1008 Corundum (*) Corundum Al2 O3 2464 0.006 12 1675 ,1691 ,1711 ,1712 ,1721 ,1726 ,1729 ,1745 ,1757 ,1784 ,1812 ,1841 1797 Covellite (*) Covellite CuS 1 1738 4165 Cowlesite (*) None Ca(Al2 Si3 )O10 ·5-6H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1871 84 Cristobalite (*) Cristobalite SiO2 536.5 525.5 7 1788 ,1790 ,1791 ,1792 ,1871 ,1887 ,1889 453 Cummingtonite (*) Amphibole Mg2 Mg5 Si8 O22 (OH)2 1 1763 327 Dalyite (*) None K2 ZrSi6 O15 1 1764 15 Darapskite (*) None Na3 (SO4 )(NO3 )·H2 O 536.5 525.5 3 1755 ,1870 ,1877 31 Daubréelite (*) Spinel FeCr2 S4 536.5 525.5 8 1738 ,1748 ,1786 ,1808 ,1820 ,1821 ,1850 ,1887 157 Diamond (*) Diamond C 536.5 525.5 4 1836 ,1838 ,1841 ,1855 697 Diaspore (*) Diaspore AlO(OH) 1 1715 481 Diopside (*) Pyroxene CaMgSi2 O6 928 525.5 21 1669 ,1704 ,1720 ,1724 ,1737 ,1738 ,1745 ,1746 ,1786 ,1789 ,1820 ,1821 ,1829 ,1830 ,1835 ,1837 ,1841 ,1850 ,1855 ,1859 ,1894 4135 Dissakisite-(Ce) (*) Allanite Epidote CaCe(Al2 Mg)[Si2 O7 ][SiO4 ]O(OH) 1 1762 11 Djerfisherite (*) Djerfisherite K6 (Fe,Cu,Ni)25 S26 Cl 536.5 525.5 4 1738 ,1748 ,1786 ,1820 60 Dolomite (*) None CaMg(CO3 )2 928 525.5 7 1669 ,1704 ,1729 ,1762 ,1821 ,1851 ,1875 9895 Donbassite (*) Clay Chlorite Al2 (Si3 Al)O10 (OH)2 ·Al2.33 (OH)6 1 1812 16 Dravite (*) Tourmaline NaMg3 Al6 (Si6 O18 )(BO3 )3 (OH)3 (OH) 536.5 525.5 3 1711 ,1715 ,1844 648 Dumortierite (*) Dumortierite AlAl6 BSi3 O18 2464 2448 4 1678 ,1683 ,1711 ,1812 231 Dypingite (*) None Mg5 (CO3 )4 (OH)2 ·5H2 O 1 1718 50 Eastonite (*) Mica KAlMg2 (Si2 Al2 )O10 (OH)2 1 1675 11 Elbaite (*) Tourmaline Na(Al1.5 Li1.5 )Al6 (Si6 O18 )(BO3 )3 (OH)3 (OH) 536.5 525.5 1 1844 520 Enstatite (*) Pyroxene Mg2 Si2 O6 2464 0.006 26 1668 ,1678 ,1690 ,1691 ,1695 ,1698 ,1705 ,1720 ,1738 ,1745 ,1748 ,1749 ,1776 ,1781 ,1782 ,1786 ,1808 ,1810 ,1820 ,1821 ,1830 ,1839 ,1848 ,1850 ,1856 ,1887 944 Epidote (*) Epidote Clinozoisite Ca2 (Al2 Fe3+ )[Si2 O7 ][SiO4 ]O(OH) 536.5 525.5 2 1721 ,1860 8173 Epistilbite (*) Mordenite Ca3 [Si18 Al6 O48 ]·16H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1871 138 Epsomite (*) Epsomite Mg(SO4 )·7H2 O 2 1718 ,1728 484 Erionite-Na (*) Erionite Na10 [Si26 Al10 O72 ]·30H2 O 536.5 525.5 2 1767 ,1871 13 Ernstburkeite (*) None Mg(CH3 SO3 )2 ·12H2 O 0.025 0.025 1 1672 1 Eskolaite (*) Corundum Cr2 O3 0.154 0.006 2 1720 ,1784 30 Esseneite (*) Pyroxene CaFe3+ AlSiO6 536.5 525.5 1 1821 17 Eudialyte (*) Eudialyte Na15 Ca6 Fe3 Zr3 Si(Si25 O73 )(O,OH,H2 O)3 (Cl,OH)2 1 1764 182 Fayalite (*) Olivine Fe2+ 2 (SiO4 ) 536.5 0.006 13 1731 ,1737 ,1745 ,1758 ,1760 ,1776 ,1788 ,1790 ,1791 ,1792 ,1809 ,1832 ,1886 371 Ferri-kaersutite (*) Amphibole NaCa2 (Mg3 Fe3+ Ti)(Si6 Al2 )O22 O2 536.5 525.5 1 1859 7 Ferrihydrite (*) Nolanite Fe3+ 10 O14 (OH)2 1 1788 86 Ferrimolybdite (*) None Fe3+ 2 (Mo6+ O4 )3 ·7H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1854 345 Ferrohögbomite-2N2S (*) None (Fe,Mg,Zn,Al)3 (Al,Ti,Fe)8 O15 (OH) 1 1734 13 Ferrosilite (*) Pyroxene Fe2+ 2 Si2 O6 536.5 525.5 1 1829 84 Fibroferrite (*) Not in a structural group Fe3+ (SO4 )(OH)·5H2 O 1 1718 107 Fluorapatite (*) Apatite Ca5 (PO4 )3 F 2464 525.5 7 1678 ,1681 ,1712 ,1716 ,1731 ,1809 ,1890 2740 Fluorite (*) Fluorite CaF2 536.5 525.5 3 1731 ,1764 ,1882 9617 Fluorophlogopite (*) Mica KMg3 (Si3 Al)O10 F2 1 1748 47 Foitite (*) Tourmaline (Fe2+ 2 Al)Al6 (Si6 O18 )(BO3 )3 (OH)3 (OH)1 1711 75 Forsterite (*) Olivine Mg2 (SiO4 ) 536.5 0.006 28 1662 ,1664 ,1720 ,1738 ,1740 ,1745 ,1762 ,1776 ,1777 ,1778 ,1781 ,1782 ,1786 ,1788 ,1818 ,1820 ,1821 ,1829 ,1830 ,1833 ,1837 ,1839 ,1840 ,1841 ,1848 ,1859 ,1873 ,1889 1188 Galena (*) Rocksalt PbS 1 1763 24243 Garronite-Ca (*) Gismondine Ca3 (Al6 Si10 O32 )·14H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1867 66 Gaylussite (*) None Na2 Ca(CO3 )2 ·5H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1889 57 Gedrite (*) Amphibole Mg2 (Mg3 Al2 )(Si6 Al2 )O22 (OH)2 2 1675 ,1726 178 Gehlenite (*) Melilite Ca2 Al(SiAl)O7 536.5 525.5 2 1745 ,1821 114 Geikielite (*) Corundum MgTiO3 536.5 525.5 2 1762 ,1820 70 Goethite (*) Diaspore FeO(OH) 536.5 525.5 3 1671 ,1808 ,1887 7437 Gottardiite (*) None Na3 Mg3 Ca5 Al19 Si117 O272 ·93H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1871 1 Graftonite (*) Graftonite Fe2+ Fe2+ 2 (PO4 )2 2 1814 ,1815 107 Grandidierite (*) None MgAl3 O2 (BO3 )(SiO4 ) 4 1711 ,1713 ,1714 ,1716 40 Graphite (*) None C 536.5 0.006 16 1713 ,1729 ,1738 ,1748 ,1763 ,1784 ,1810 ,1815 ,1836 ,1837 ,1838 ,1841 ,1848 ,1850 ,1882 ,1887 2812 Greigite (*) Spinel Fe2+ Fe3+ 2 S4 1 1738 62 Grossite (*) None CaAl4 O7 536.5 525.5 2 1745 ,1821 19 Grossular (*) Garnet Ca3 Al2 (SiO4 )3 3 1675 ,1733 ,1757 1544 Guyanaite (*) None CrO(OH) 1 1665 6 Gypsum (*) Gypsum Ca(SO4 )·2H2 O 536.5 525.5 11 1665 ,1718 ,1728 ,1763 ,1788 ,1808 ,1852 ,1871 ,1887 ,1889 ,1896 6890 Halite (*) Rocksalt NaCl 536.5 525.5 5 1718 ,1728 ,1870 ,1877 ,1896 1398 Hastingsite (*) Amphibole NaCa2 (Fe2+ 4 Fe3+ )(Si6 Al2 )O22 (OH)2 536.5 525.5 1 1882 209 Haüyne (*) Sodalite Cancrinite-sodalite Na3 Ca(Si3 Al3 )O12 (SO4 ) 1 1764 158 Haxonite (*) Haxonite (Fe,Ni)23 C6 536.5 525.5 1 1841 26 Heazlewoodite (*) None Ni3 S2 536.5 525.5 1 1821 205 Hedenbergite (*) Pyroxene CaFe2+ Si2 O6 536.5 525.5 4 1745 ,1760 ,1882 ,1886 741 Hematite (*) Corundum Fe2 O3 2485 496 6 1678 ,1711 ,1712 ,1731 ,1737 ,1788 14640 Henrymeyerite (*) Coronadite Ba(Ti7 Fe2+ )O16 928 541 1 1704 9 Hercynite (*) Spinel Fe2+ Al2 O4 2485 0.006 8 1678 ,1705 ,1711 ,1712 ,1746 ,1758 ,1775 ,1902 407 Hexahydrite (*) Hexahydrite Mg(SO4 )·6H2 O 1 1728 251 Hibonite (*) Magnetoplumbite CaAl12 O19 536.5 525.5 4 1745 ,1821 ,1830 ,1841 80 Hydrohalite (*) None NaCl·2H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1896 17 Hydrokenoralstonite (*) Pyrochlore 2 Al2 F6 (H2 O)536.5 525.5 1 1890 56 Hydromagnesite (*) None Mg5 (CO3 )4 (OH)2 ·4H2 O 536.5 525.5 2 1718 ,1836 341 Hydroniumjarosite (*) Alunite (H3 O)Fe3+ 3 (SO4 )2 (OH)6 2 1728 ,1734 65 Idaite (*) Stannite Sphalerite Cu3 FeS4 1 1738 142 Ikaite (*) None Ca(CO3 )·6H2 O 1 1657 12 Ilmenite (*) Corundum Fe2+ Ti4+ O3 2464 0.006 34 1658 ,1668 ,1678 ,1691 ,1705 ,1711 ,1712 ,1713 ,1714 ,1720 ,1724 ,1731 ,1746 ,1747 ,1756 ,1758 ,1760 ,1762 ,1764 ,1765 ,1776 ,1780 ,1783 ,1785 ,1788 ,1809 ,1812 ,1831 ,1840 ,1852 ,1855 ,1886 ,1890 ,1902 5433 Iron (*) Iron Fe 536.5 0.006 26 1658 ,1671 ,1720 ,1738 ,1749 ,1781 ,1782 ,1786 ,1789 ,1810 ,1815 ,1820 ,1821 ,1830 ,1835 ,1836 ,1837 ,1839 ,1840 ,1841 ,1847 ,1848 ,1850 ,1855 ,1856 ,1887 1089 Isocubanite (*) Sphalerite Cubanite CuFe2 S3 1 1658 191 Jadeite (*) Pyroxene NaAlSi2 O6 1 1663 154 Jarosite (*) Alunite KFe3+ 3 (SO4 )2 (OH)6 536.5 525.5 3 1788 ,1831 ,1886 2228 Kaersutite (*) Amphibole NaCa2 (Mg3 AlTi4+ )(Si6 Al2 )O22 O2 536.5 525.5 3 1831 ,1852 ,1890 179 Kalsilite (*) None KAlSiO4 2 1764 ,1765 49 Kaolinite (*) Clay Kaolinite Al2 Si2 O5 (OH)4 1 1665 5591 Keilite (*) Rocksalt FeS 1 1808 6 Kernite (*) None Na2 B4 O6 (OH)2 ·3H2 O 0.154 0.006 1 1770 10 Khmaralite (*) Sapphirine Mg4 (Mg3 Al9 )O4 [Si5 Be2 Al5 O36 ] 2485 2448 3 1678 ,1682 ,1683 2 Kirschsteinite (*) Olivine CaFe2+ (SiO4 ) 0.154 0.006 3 1758 ,1775 ,1780 33 Knorringite (*) Garnet Mg3 Cr2 (SiO4 )3 0.154 0.006 1 1784 4 Kornerupine (*) Kornerupine (Mg,Fe2+ ,Al, )10 (Si,Al,B)5 O21 (OH,F)2 5 1675 ,1711 ,1713 ,1714 ,1726 68 Kushiroite (*) Pyroxene CaAlAlSiO6 536.5 525.5 1 1821 4 Kyanite (*) Not in a structural group Al2 OSiO4 2464 2448 5 1678 ,1687 ,1721 ,1734 ,1763 1507 Laihunite (*) None (Fe3+ ,Fe2+ , )2 (SiO4 ) 2 1737 ,1788 15 Laumontite (*) Not in a structural group CaAl2 Si4 O12 ·4H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1867 1271 Lazulite (*) Lazulite MgAl2 (PO4 )2 (OH)2 1 1716 232 Lingunite (*) Coronadite NaAlSi3 O8 1 1741 9 Lonsdaleite (*) None C 536.5 525.5 1 1838 13 Maghemite (*) Spinel (Fe3+ 0.67 0.33 )Fe3+ 2 O4 1 1671 229 Magnesio-hastingsite (*) Amphibole NaCa2 (Mg4 Fe3+ )(Si6 Al2 )O22 (OH)2 1 1734 80 Magnesiochromite (*) Spinel MgCr2 O4 0.154 0.006 1 1784 311 Magnesiohögbomite-2N4S (*) None [(Mg8.43 Fe2+ 1.57 )Σ=10 Al22 Ti4+ 2 O46 (OH)2 ] 1 1757 1 Magnesiotaaffeite-6N'3S (*) None Mg2 BeAl6 O12 2485 2448 2 1682 ,1683 9 Magnesite (*) Calcite Mg(CO3 ) 928 525.5 4 1704 ,1718 ,1726 ,1819 1487 Magnetite (*) Spinel Fe2+ Fe3+ 2 O4 2464 0.006 38 1668 ,1669 ,1681 ,1701 ,1705 ,1711 ,1712 ,1714 ,1715 ,1716 ,1720 ,1731 ,1737 ,1745 ,1747 ,1758 ,1763 ,1764 ,1765 ,1775 ,1778 ,1779 ,1780 ,1788 ,1790 ,1791 ,1792 ,1819 ,1821 ,1837 ,1841 ,1844 ,1849 ,1852 ,1886 ,1890 ,1894 ,1902 14899 Majorite (*) Garnet Mg3 (MgSi)(SiO4 )3 2 1661 ,1663 24 Malachite (*) Malachite Cu2 (CO3 )(OH)2 1 1900 12537 Marcasite (*) Marcasite FeS2 1 1718 5674 Marićite (*) None NaFe2+ (PO4 ) 1 1707 8 Mélonjosephite (*) None CaFe2+ Fe3+ (PO4 )2 (OH) 1 1716 6 Meridianiite (*) Not in a structural group Mg(SO4 )·11H2 O 0.025 0.025 1 1672 3 Merrillite (*) Cerite Ca9 NaMg(PO4 )7 536.5 0.006 17 1661 ,1664 ,1720 ,1742 ,1756 ,1758 ,1775 ,1780 ,1783 ,1809 ,1819 ,1830 ,1831 ,1833 ,1840 ,1852 ,1886 230 Mesolite (*) Natrolite Na2 Ca2 (Si9 Al6 )O30 ·8H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1867 425 Microcline (*) Feldspar K(AlSi3 O8 ) 2464 2448 3 1681 ,1683 ,1764 4924 Millerite (*) Millerite NiS 536.5 525.5 1 1887 1066 Mirabilite (*) None Na2 (SO4 )·10H2 O 536.5 0.006 3 1728 ,1770 ,1888 223 Molybdenite (*) Molybdenite MoS2 536.5 525.5 1 1854 5800 Monazite-(Ce) (*) Monazite Ce(PO4 ) 2464 2448 3 1683 ,1712 ,1716 945 Monticellite (*) Olivine CaMg(SiO4 ) 928 541 2 1701 ,1746 153 Montmorillonite (*) Clay Smectite-vermiculite (Na,Ca)0.3 (Al,Mg)2 Si4 O10 (OH)2 ·nH2 O 536.5 525.5 2 1737 ,1889 1508 Mordenite (*) Mordenite (Na2 ,Ca,K2 )4 (Al8 Si40 )O96 ·28H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1871 405 Muscovite (*) Mica Clay KAl2 (Si3 Al)O10 (OH)2 2485 496 14 1665 ,1678 ,1711 ,1712 ,1715 ,1724 ,1726 ,1734 ,1737 ,1763 ,1812 ,1844 ,1889 ,1892 17380 Mutinaite (*) None Na3 Ca4 Al11 Si85 O192 ·60H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1871 1 Nahcolite (*) None NaH(CO3 ) 0.154 0.006 1 1770 78 Narsarsukite (*) None Na2 (Ti,Fe3+ )Si4 (O,F)11 1 1764 34 Natrojarosite (*) Alunite NaFe3+ 3 (SO4 )2 (OH)6 1 1788 254 Natrolite (*) Natrolite Na2 (Si3 Al2 )O10 ·2H2 O 1 1764 1236 Natron (*) None Na2 (CO3 )·10H2 O 0.154 0.006 1 1770 51 Nepheline (*) Tridymite Na3 K(Al4 Si4 O16 ) 928 0.006 10 1669 ,1701 ,1738 ,1746 ,1764 ,1765 ,1776 ,1829 ,1882 ,1890 884 Niningerite (*) Rocksalt MgS 536.5 525.5 5 1738 ,1748 ,1808 ,1828 ,1887 28 Northupite (*) Northupite Na3 Mg(CO3 )2 Cl 536.5 525.5 1 1889 31 Okenite (*) None Ca10 Si18 O46 ·18H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1867 71 Oldhamite (*) Rocksalt CaS 536.5 0.006 7 1738 ,1781 ,1786 ,1820 ,1839 ,1850 ,1887 58 Opal (*) Amorphous SiO2 ·n H2 O 536.5 525.5 2 1848 ,1871 2994 Orthoclase (*) Feldspar K(AlSi3 O8 ) 536.5 525.5 4 1669 ,1675 ,1812 ,1882 2349 Osbornite (*) Rocksalt TiN 536.5 525.5 2 1738 ,1821 20 Osumilite (*) Milarite KFe2 (Al5 Si10 )O30 2485 496 1 1673 15 Osumilite-(Mg) (*) Milarite KMg2 Al3 (Al2 Si10 )O30 2464 2448 6 1689 ,1690 ,1691 ,1692 ,1694 ,1695 42 Pargasite (*) Amphibole NaCa2 (Mg4 Al)(Si6 Al2 )O22 (OH)2 536.5 525.5 1 1859 313 Pentlandite (*) Pentlandite (Ni,Fe)9 S8 536.5 0.006 11 1720 ,1747 ,1762 ,1779 ,1786 ,1821 ,1831 ,1841 ,1848 ,1849 ,1852 1512 Perovskite (*) Perovskite CaTiO3 928 525.5 8 1661 ,1669 ,1701 ,1745 ,1746 ,1820 ,1821 ,1841 495 Perrierite-(Ce) (*) Chevkinite Ce4 MgFe3+ 2 Ti2 O8 (Si2 O7 )2 3 1677 ,1696 ,1699 46 Perryite (*) None (Ni,Fe)8 (Si,P)3 536.5 525.5 7 1738 ,1748 ,1786 ,1808 ,1828 ,1839 ,1887 25 Phlogopite (*) Mica Clay KMg3 (AlSi3 O10 )(OH)2 2485 496 8 1675 ,1678 ,1701 ,1704 ,1724 ,1757 ,1762 ,1844 2273 Pigeonite (*) Pyroxene (Mg,Fe,Ca)2 Si2 O6 536.5 0.006 15 1664 ,1738 ,1745 ,1756 ,1776 ,1783 ,1785 ,1810 ,1821 ,1831 ,1841 ,1848 ,1852 ,1855 ,1886 303 Potassic-ferro-pargasite (*) Amphibole KCa2 (Fe2+ 4 Al)(Si6 Al2 )O22 (OH)2 1 1735 6 Potassic-magnesio-hastingsite (*) Amphibole KCa2 (Mg4 Fe3+ )(Si6 Al2 )O22 (OH)2 1 1722 5 Prehnite (*) Prehnite Ca2 Al(Si3 Al)O10 (OH)2 536.5 525.5 2 1860 ,1861 1898 Prismatine (*) Kornerupine (Mg,Al,Fe)6 Al4 (Si,Al)4 (B,Si,Al)(O,OH,F)22 2 1711 ,1716 10 Pseudorutile (*) Tivanite Fe3+ 2 Ti4+ 3 O9 1 1712 30 Pyrite (*) Pyrite FeS2 536.5 0.006 12 1669 ,1712 ,1715 ,1716 ,1747 ,1763 ,1764 ,1779 ,1819 ,1844 ,1849 ,1875 39462 Pyrope (*) Garnet Mg3 Al2 (SiO4 )3 2464 2448 2 1663 ,1692 341 Pyroxferroite (*) None Fe2+ SiO3 536.5 525.5 2 1852 ,1886 17 Pyrrhotite (*) Nickeline Fe7 S8 536.5 525.5 15 1720 ,1737 ,1762 ,1763 ,1788 ,1790 ,1791 ,1792 ,1819 ,1821 ,1831 ,1841 ,1848 ,1852 ,1886 9056 Quartz (*) Quartz SiO2 2464 525.5 40 1665 ,1673 ,1675 ,1676 ,1678 ,1683 ,1687 ,1689 ,1690 ,1691 ,1692 ,1694 ,1695 ,1699 ,1705 ,1711 ,1712 ,1713 ,1714 ,1715 ,1716 ,1717 ,1721 ,1731 ,1733 ,1734 ,1748 ,1760 ,1763 ,1764 ,1765 ,1812 ,1844 ,1848 ,1860 ,1861 ,1871 ,1892 ,1900 ,1902 61156 Rasvumite (*) Cubanite KFe2 S3 1 1788 19 Rhodonite (*) Rhodonite CaMn3 Mn(Si5 O15 ) 1 1900 969 Rhönite (*) Sapphirine Ca4 [Mg8 Fe3+ 2 Ti2 ]O4 [Si6 Al6 O36 ] 536.5 525.5 1 1889 47 Ringwoodite (*) Spinel SiMg2 O4 536.5 525.5 5 1661 ,1662 ,1663 ,1741 ,1852 25 Roedderite (*) Milarite KNaMg2 (Mg3 Si12 )O30 536.5 525.5 2 1738 ,1837 30 Rosenbergite (*) Rosenbergite AlF[F0.5 (H2 O)0.5 ]4 ·H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1890 4 Rozenite (*) Starkeyite Fe2+ (SO4 )·4H2 O 1 1665 293 Rutile (*) Rutile TiO2 2464 525.5 17 1675 ,1678 ,1683 ,1689 ,1690 ,1691 ,1692 ,1695 ,1705 ,1711 ,1712 ,1714 ,1715 ,1763 ,1821 ,1841 ,1886 5614 Sanidine (*) Feldspar K(AlSi3 O8 ) 3 1675 ,1764 ,1765 598 Saponite (*) Clay Smectite-vermiculite (Ca,Na)0.3 (Mg,Fe)3 (Si,Al)4 O10 (OH)2 ·4H2 O 1 1720 301 Sapphirine (*) Sapphirine Mg4 (Mg3 Al9 )O4 [Si3 Al9 O36 ] 2464 2448 13 1673 ,1675 ,1678 ,1686 ,1690 ,1691 ,1694 ,1698 ,1712 ,1715 ,1718 ,1726 ,1729 129 Sarcopside (*) None Fe2+ 3 (PO4 )2 1 1815 58 Schöllhornite (*) None Na0.3 CrS2 ·H2 O 1 1738 4 Schorl (*) Tourmaline NaFe2+ 3 Al6 (Si6 O18 )(BO3 )3 (OH)3 (OH) 4 1711 ,1715 ,1733 ,1812 2705 Schreibersite (*) None (Fe,Ni)3 P 536.5 0.006 17 1671 ,1707 ,1720 ,1738 ,1748 ,1781 ,1782 ,1786 ,1815 ,1820 ,1821 ,1838 ,1839 ,1841 ,1848 ,1855 ,1887 374 Scolecite (*) Natrolite Ca(Si3 Al2 )O10 ·3H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1867 390 Siderite (*) Calcite Fe(CO3 ) 536.5 525.5 2 1737 ,1889 6417 Sillimanite (*) Not in a structural group Al2 SiO5 2485 2448 24 1673 ,1675 ,1678 ,1681 ,1682 ,1683 ,1686 ,1687 ,1689 ,1691 ,1692 ,1694 ,1695 ,1705 ,1711 ,1712 ,1713 ,1714 ,1715 ,1716 ,1717 ,1763 ,1900 ,1902 1516 Sinoite (*) None Si2 N2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1850 9 Smythite (*) None (Fe,Ni)3+x S4 (x ≈ 0-0.3) 1 1738 77 Sodalite (*) Cancrinite-sodalite Sodalite Na4 (Si3 Al3 )O12 Cl 536.5 0.006 5 1746 ,1764 ,1776 ,1833 ,1840 444 Spessartine (*) Garnet Mn2+ 3 Al2 (SiO4 )3 2 1733 ,1900 1214 Sphalerite (*) Sphalerite ZnS 4 1738 ,1748 ,1763 ,1786 21482 Spinel (*) Spinel MgAl2 O4 2464 0.006 38 1669 ,1673 ,1675 ,1683 ,1691 ,1692 ,1701 ,1704 ,1714 ,1715 ,1720 ,1721 ,1724 ,1726 ,1729 ,1738 ,1745 ,1746 ,1747 ,1756 ,1757 ,1758 ,1762 ,1775 ,1780 ,1782 ,1786 ,1821 ,1829 ,1830 ,1831 ,1840 ,1841 ,1847 ,1852 ,1859 ,1886 ,1894 1934 Spodumene (*) Pyroxene LiAlSi2 O6 536.5 525.5 1 1844 688 Starkeyite (*) Starkeyite Mg(SO4 )·4H2 O 1 1665 79 Staurolite (*) Staurolite Fe2+ 2 Al9 Si4 O23 (OH) 2 1734 ,1763 978 Stishovite (*) Rutile SiO2 1 1760 26 Stornesite-(Y) (*) Fillowite Na6 (Ca5 Na3 )YMg43 (PO4 )36 2 1712 ,1716 2 Suessite (*) None Fe3 Si 536.5 525.5 1 1848 6 Surinamite (*) Sapphirine Mg3 Al3 O(Si3 BeAlO15 ) 2485 2448 5 1678 ,1681 ,1682 ,1683 ,1687 8 Sylvite (*) Rocksalt KCl 2 1718 ,1728 275 Taenite (*) None (Ni,Fe) 536.5 0.006 15 1658 ,1671 ,1707 ,1720 ,1782 ,1783 ,1786 ,1821 ,1830 ,1835 ,1836 ,1840 ,1841 ,1847 ,1855 703 Talc (*) Clay Talc Mg3 Si4 O10 (OH)2 2 1720 ,1729 3337 Tassieite (*) Wicksite NaCa2 Mg3 Fe2+ 2 Fe3+ (PO4 )6 ·2H2 O 1 1716 1 Tephroite (*) Olivine Mn2+ 2 (SiO4 ) 1 1900 240 Terranovaite (*) None NaCaAl3 Si17 O40 ·~8H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1871 1 Tetrataenite (*) None FeNi 536.5 525.5 6 1720 ,1815 ,1821 ,1830 ,1841 ,1847 116 Thaumasite (*) Ettringite Ca3 Si(OH)6 (CO3 )(SO4 )·12H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1889 183 Thénardite (*) None Na2 (SO4 ) 536.5 0.006 5 1718 ,1770 ,1870 ,1877 ,1889 299 Thermonatrite (*) None Na2 (CO3 )·H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1889 64 Titanite (*) Titanite CaTi(SiO4 )O 536.5 525.5 6 1724 ,1733 ,1763 ,1764 ,1844 ,1882 4899 Topaz (*) Topaz Al2 SiO4 F2 1 1724 1476 Tranquillityite (*) Braunite Fe2+ 8 Ti3 Zr2 Si3 O24 1 1785 17 Tremolite (*) Amphibole Ca2 (Mg5.0-4.5 Fe2+ 0.0-0.5 )Si8 O22 (OH)2 536.5 525.5 1 1844 2562 Tridymite (*) Tridymite SiO2 536.5 0.006 6 1737 ,1749 ,1776 ,1808 ,1809 ,1889 458 Troilite (*) None FeS 536.5 0.006 48 1658 ,1664 ,1671 ,1707 ,1720 ,1738 ,1742 ,1746 ,1748 ,1749 ,1758 ,1775 ,1776 ,1777 ,1778 ,1780 ,1781 ,1782 ,1783 ,1785 ,1786 ,1789 ,1808 ,1809 ,1810 ,1814 ,1815 ,1818 ,1820 ,1821 ,1824 ,1825 ,1829 ,1830 ,1833 ,1835 ,1836 ,1837 ,1838 ,1840 ,1841 ,1847 ,1848 ,1850 ,1855 ,1856 ,1873 ,1887 1044 Trona (*) None Na3 (HCO3 )(CO3 )·2H2 O 0.0085 0.0081 1 1770 129 Tsangpoite (*) None Ca5 (PO4 )2 (SiO4 ) 1 1758 5 Tschernichite (*) None CaAl2 Si6 O16 ·8H2 O 536.5 525.5 1 1871 7 Tuite (*) Palmierite Ca3 (PO4 )2 1 1661 7 Ulvöspinel (*) Spinel Fe2+ 2 TiO4 536.5 525.5 5 1785 ,1809 ,1831 ,1852 ,1886 120 Vaterite (*) None Ca(CO3 ) 536.5 525.5 1 1889 37 Vermiculite (*) Clay Smectite-vermiculite Mg0.7 (Mg,Fe,Al)6 (Si,Al)8 O20 (OH)4 ·8H2 O 1 1665 652 Vesuvianite (*) Vesuvianite (Ca,Na)19 (Al,Mg,Fe)13 (SiO4 )10 (Si2 O7 )4 (OH,F,O)10 1 1668 1395 Vlasovite (*) None Na2 ZrSi4 O11 1 1764 9 Wadsleyite (*) Wadsleyite Mg2 SiO4 2 1662 ,1741 13 Wagnerite (*) Wagnerite Mg2 (PO4 )F 2464 2448 5 1678 ,1681 ,1687 ,1712 ,1716 61 Wassonite (*) None TiS 1 1738 1 Werdingite (*) None Mg2 Al14 Si4 B4 O37 1 1711 8 Whitlockite (*) Cerite Ca9 Mg(PO3 OH)(PO4 )6 1 1785 104 Wollastonite (*) Wollastonite CaSiO3 1 1733 1247 Wüstite (*) Rocksalt FeO 1 1720 74 Xenotime-(Y) (*) Zircon Y(PO4 ) 2485 2485 5 1678 ,1682 ,1712 ,1715 ,1716 939 Zircon (*) Zircon Zr(SiO4 ) 2485 525.5 22 1668 ,1676 ,1678 ,1681 ,1682 ,1689 ,1690 ,1691 ,1692 ,1694 ,1695 ,1699 ,1712 ,1713 ,1717 ,1720 ,1724 ,1762 ,1763 ,1764 ,1785 ,1882 5251 Zirconolite (*) Zirconolite (Ca,Y)Zr(Ti,Mg,Al)2 O7 1 1718 140 Zoisite (*) Epidote Ca2 Al3 [Si2 O7 ][SiO4 ]O(OH) 2 1724 ,1763 1025
Excel ID Max Age (Ma) Min Age (Ma) Age as listed in reference Dating Method Age Interpret Prioritized? Sample Source Sample Num Run Num Age from other Locality Dated Mineral Minerals explicitely stated as having this age Age applies to these Elements MinDat Locality ID Dated Locality (Max Age) Location as listed in reference Reference Reference DOI Reference ID Age Notes Edit Michelle_0055 0.025 0.025 0.025 Ice core Age of mineralization 232672 Dome Fuji Station, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica Dome Fuji station Güner et al. (2013) 10.1127/0935-1221/2013/0025-2257 EJM25_78 Mineral inclusions found in ice core were located at a depth associated with the Last Glacial Maxiumum, approximately 25,000 years ago. Edit Bradley_2012_096 2464 2448 2456±8 U/Pb zircon Zircon 26154 Napier Complex, Enderby Land, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica [Ayatollah Island] McCauley and Bradley (2014) 10.3749/canmin.52.2.183 CM52_183 Edit Be-00030 2485 2485 2485 high Khmaralite, Magnesiotaaffeite-6N3S, Surinamite Be 10483 Pegmatite Outcrop, Khmara Bay, Casey Bay, Napier Complex, Enderby Land, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica Hokada and Harley (2004) 10.2465/jmps.99.180 JMPS99_180 Edit Bradley_2012_047 500 496 498±2 Pb/Th monazite 266144 Tonagh Island, Amundsen Bay, Tula Mts, Napier Complex, Enderby Land, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica [Tonagh Island] McCauley and Bradley (2014) 10.3749/canmin.52.2.183 CM52_183 Edit Bradley_2012_004 549 541 545±4 U/Pb zircon Zircon 195106 Prince Charles Mts, Mac Robertson Land, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica [Loewe Massif] McCauley and Bradley (2014) 10.3749/canmin.52.2.183 CM52_183 Edit Bradley_2012_143 928 892 910±18 U/Pb zircon Zircon 195106 Prince Charles Mts, Mac Robertson Land, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica [Mt. Kirby] McCauley and Bradley (2014) 10.3749/canmin.52.2.183 CM52_183 Edit Michelle_415 0.154 0.146 0.150±0.004 U-Th Age of nahcolite matrix nahcolite Nahcolite 244416 Lewis Cliff, Buckley Island Quadrangle, Transantarctic Mts, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica Lewis Cliff Fitzpatrick et al. (1990) 10.1029/AR050p0057 BOOK_SMLCIT_1990 Age of nahcolite matrix from site 2d. Age of U series dating disagrees with C14 results. Author believes the ~150k to be a more reliable estimate of the nahcolite matrix. This age is older than what was found with englacially entrained samples. Edit Michelle_513 0.0085 0.0081 0.0083±0.00002 U-Th Age of trona mineralization trona Trona 244416 Lewis Cliff, Buckley Island Quadrangle, Transantarctic Mts, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica Lewis Cliff Fitzpatrick et al. (1990) 10.1029/AR050p0057 BOOK_SMLCIT_1990 Age of trona from site 2c. Edit Michelle_535 0.0075 0.0073 0.0074±0.00001 U-Th Age of nahcolite mineralization nahcolite Nahcolite 244416 Lewis Cliff, Buckley Island Quadrangle, Transantarctic Mts, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica Lewis Cliff Fitzpatrick et al. (1990) 10.1029/AR050p0057 BOOK_SMLCIT_1990 Age of nahcolite from site 1. Edit Michelle_536 0.0062 0.006 0.0061±0.00001 U-Th Age of nahcolite mineralization nahcolite Nahcolite 244416 Lewis Cliff, Buckley Island Quadrangle, Transantarctic Mts, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica Lewis Cliff Fitzpatrick et al. (1990) 10.1029/AR050p0057 BOOK_SMLCIT_1990 Age of nahcolite from site 2a. Edit Michelle_537 0.009 0.0086 0.0088±0.00002 U-Th Age of nahcolite mineralization nahcolite Nahcolite 244416 Lewis Cliff, Buckley Island Quadrangle, Transantarctic Mts, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica Lewis Cliff Fitzpatrick et al. (1990) 10.1029/AR050p0057 BOOK_SMLCIT_1990 Age of nahcolite from site 2b. Edit Michelle_538 0.081 0.075 0.078±0.003 U-Th Age of nahcolite and borax mineralization nahcolite Nahcolite 244416 Lewis Cliff, Buckley Island Quadrangle, Transantarctic Mts, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica Lewis Cliff Fitzpatrick et al. (1990) 10.1029/AR050p0057 BOOK_SMLCIT_1990 Age of nahcolite and borax from site 2d. Edit Jen_0000899 536.5 525.5 531±5.5 U-Pb zircon Zircon 24850 Victoria Land, Eastern Antarctica, Antarctica South Victoria Land Woolley and Kjarsgaard (2008) 10.4095/225115 GSCOF5796
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