Mineral Evolution Database
Created and maintained by the Mineral Evolution Project in partnership with RRUFF and mindat.
Mineral locality data provided by mindat.org



The Mineral Evolution database is currently under development.

The goal of this page is to present localities at which the mineral is found, and estimates of the oldest possible geologic age of the minerals at these localities.


Locality Name:
Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chile

Oldest recorded age at locality: 35.07
Youngest recorded age at locality: 31

mindat Locality ID: 641
mindat URL: http://www.mindat.org/loc-641.html

Tectonic Settings:

Total number of sublocalities beneath "Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chile": 0
Total number of bottom-level sublocalities: 0

Latitude: 22°17'21"S
Longitude: 68°54'3"W
Decimal Degree (lat, lon): -22.289166666667,-68.900833333333

AThis mineral is Anthropogenic.
GThis mineral is directly dated.
BThis mineral is reported as having this age.
YThis mineral is using an age reported as an element mineralization period.
OThis mineral is using an age calculated from all data at the locality.
RThe age displayed for this mineral originates from a different, non-child locality.
PThe age displayed for this mineral is the range of ages for this mineral at all of this locality's children.
This mineral's age has not yet been recorded.

This Mineral list contains entries from this locality, including sub-localities. Minerals in bold are reported by mindat.org as occurring directly at this locality, and do not occur at any children (sublocalities) of this locality.

Elements at this locality, including sub-localities: Ag Al As Au B C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H I K Mg Mn Mo N Na O P Pb S Sb Si Ti U V Zn 

Elements from minerals reported directly at this locality: Ag Al As Au B C Ca Cl Cu F Fe H I K Mg Mn Mo N Na O P Pb S Sb Si Ti U V Zn 

Structural Groups for minerals in this locality: 
AdeliteAlumAluminiteAluniteAmarantiteAmorphousAndalusiteAragoniteAtacamiteAubertite
BetpakdaliteBlöditeBotryogenBrochantiteCalciteChalcanthiteChalcophylliteChalcopyriteChenevixiteClay
ClinozoisiteCopiapiteCopperCoquimbiteCorundumCovelliteDevillineDiasporeDigeniteDufrénite
EnargiteEpidoteEpsomiteFeldsparGermaniteGypsumHalotrichiteKaoliniteLeucophosphiteMalachite
MarcasiteMelanteriteMetavoltineMicaMolybdeniteNatrochalciteNoneNot in a structural groupPharmacosideritePicromerite
PyritePyrophylliteQuartzRocksaltRoseliteRutileRömeriteScheeliteSphaleriteSpinel
StanniteSulphurTamarugiteTetrahedriteTitaniteTurquoiseVoltaiteWurtzite

136 IMA Minerals at location:
Alum-(K)  (*)Aluminite  (*)Alunite  (*)Alunogen  (*)Amarantite  (*)
Anhydrite  (*)Antlerite  (*)Atacamite  (*)Aubertite  (*)Azurite  (*)
Bellingerite  (*)Betpakdalite-NaNa  (*)Birnessite  (*)Blödite  (*)Bornite  (*)
Botryogen  (*)Brochantite  (*)Butlerite  (*)Calcite  (*)Cerussite  (*)
Chalcanthite  (*)Chalcocite  (*)Chalcophyllite  (*)Chalcopyrite  (*)Chenevixite  (*)
Clinoatacamite  (*)Clinoclase  (*)Clinoungemachite  (*)Colusite  (*)Conichalcite  (*)
Copiapite  (*)Copper  (*)Coquimbite  (*)Covellite  (*)Cuprite  (*)
Cuprocopiapite  (*)Darapskite  (*)Devilline  (*)Dickite  (*)Digenite  (*)
Dioptase  (*)Djurleite  (*)Dolomite  (*)Enargite  (*)Epidote  (*)
Epsomite  (*)Famatinite  (*)Ferrimolybdite  (*)Ferrinatrite  (*)Fibroferrite  (*)
Galena  (*)Goethite  (*)Gold  (*)Gypsum  (*)Halite  (*)
Halotrichite  (*)Hematite  (*)Hetaerolite  (*)Hohmannite  (*)Huenite  (*)
Idaite  (*)Ilmenite  (*)Jarosite  (*)Kalinite  (*)Kaolinite  (*)
Kröhnkite  (*)Lavendulan  (*)Leightonite  (*)Leucophosphite  (*)Libethenite  (*)
Lindgrenite  (*)Magnesite  (*)Magnetite  (*)Malachite  (*)Manganite  (*)
Marcasite  (*)Marshite  (*)Melanterite  (*)Mendozavilite-KCa  (*)Mendozavilite-NaCu  (*)
Mendozite  (*)Metahohmannite  (*)Metasideronatrite  (*)Metatorbernite  (*)Metavoltine  (*)
Metazeunerite  (*)Miersite  (*)Minyulite  (*)Mirabilite  (*)Molybdenite  (*)
Muscovite  (*)Natroalunite  (*)Natrochalcite  (*)Natrodufrénite  (*)Natrojarosite  (*)
Natropharmacosiderite  (*)Nitratine  (*)Obradovicite-KCu  (*)Obradovicite-NaCu  (*)Obradovicite-NaNa  (*)
Olivenite  (*)Opal  (*)Orthoclase  (*)Parabutlerite  (*)Paratacamite  (*)
Pharmacosiderite  (*)Pickeringite  (*)Picromerite  (*)Plumbojarosite  (*)Posnjakite  (*)
Powellite  (*)Pyrite  (*)Pyrolusite  (*)Pyrophyllite  (*)Quartz  (*)
Römerite  (*)Rutile  (*)Salesite  (*)Sampleite  (*)Scorodite  (*)
Sideronatrite  (*)Silver  (*)Smithsonite  (*)Sphalerite  (*)Sulphur  (*)
Tamarugite  (*)Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)Tenorite  (*)Thénardite  (*)Titanite  (*)
Turquoise  (*)Ulexite  (*)Ungemachite  (*)Voltaite  (*)Wulfenite  (*)
Zoisite  (*)
Mineral nameStructural GroupsIMA FormulaMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)# of Sublocalities containing mineralLOCALITY IDs, not mindat ids# of localities containing mineral
Alum-(K)  (*)AlumKAl(SO4)2·12H2O35.0731092
Aluminite  (*)AluminiteAl2(SO4)(OH)4·7H2O35.0731078
Alunite  (*)NoneKAl3(SO4)2(OH)635310966
Alunogen  (*)Not in a structural groupAl2(SO4)3(H2O)12·5H2O35.07310272
Amarantite  (*)AmarantiteFe3+2O(SO4)2·7H2O35.0731022
Anhydrite  (*)Not in a structural groupCa(SO4)35.073101588
Antlerite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2+3(SO4)(OH)435310246
Atacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)335310544
Aubertite  (*)AubertiteCu2+Al(SO4)2Cl·14H2O3531013
Azurite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu3(CO3)2(OH)2353105509
Bellingerite  (*)NoneCu3(IO3)6·2H2O353101
Betpakdalite-NaNa  (*)Betpakdalite[Na2(H2O)16Na(H2O)6][Mo6+8As5+2Fe3+3O33(OH)4]35.0734.7301
Birnessite  (*)None(Na,Ca,K)0.6(Mn4+,Mn3+)2O4·1.5H2O35.07310178
Blödite  (*)BlöditeNa2Mg(SO4)2·4H2O35.07310130
Bornite  (*)NoneCu5FeS4353105516
Botryogen  (*)BotryogenMgFe3+(SO4)2(OH)·7H2O35.0731045
Brochantite  (*)BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6353101633
Butlerite  (*)Not in a structural groupFe3+(SO4)(OH)·2H2O35.0731026
Calcite  (*)CalciteCa(CO3)35.0731027770
Cerussite  (*)AragonitePb(CO3)35.073104979
Chalcanthite  (*)ChalcanthiteCu(SO4)·5H2O35310925
Chalcocite  (*)NoneCu2S353105707
Chalcophyllite  (*)ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24·36H2O35310194
Chalcopyrite  (*)ChalcopyriteCuFeS23531027198
Chenevixite  (*)ChenevixiteCuFe3+(AsO4)(OH)23531090
Clinoatacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu2Cl(OH)33531043
Clinoclase  (*)NoneCu3(AsO4)(OH)335310127
Clinoungemachite  (*)NoneK3Na8Fe3+(SO4)6(OH)2·10H2O35.073101
Colusite  (*)Sphalerite GermaniteCu13VAs3S1635310110
Conichalcite  (*)AdeliteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)35310363
Copiapite  (*)CopiapiteFe2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2·20H2O35.07310382
Copper  (*)CopperCu353103846
Coquimbite  (*)CoquimbiteAlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12·6H2O35.07310136
Covellite  (*)CovelliteCuS353104165
Cuprite  (*)Not in a structural groupCu2O353102970
Cuprocopiapite  (*)CopiapiteCu2+Fe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2·20H2O3531012
Darapskite  (*)NoneNa3(SO4)(NO3)·H2O35.0731031
Devilline  (*)DevillineCaCu4(SO4)2(OH)6·3H2O35310366
Dickite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)435.07310651
Digenite  (*)DigeniteCu1.8S353101027
Dioptase  (*)NoneCuSiO3·H2O35310164
Djurleite  (*)NoneCu31S1635310300
Dolomite  (*)NoneCaMg(CO3)235.073109895
Enargite  (*)Enargite WurtziteCu3AsS435310910
Epidote  (*)Epidote ClinozoisiteCa2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)353108173
Epsomite  (*)EpsomiteMg(SO4)·7H2O35.07310484
Famatinite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu3SbS435310163
Ferrimolybdite  (*)NoneFe3+2(Mo6+O4)3·7H2O35.0734.730345
Ferrinatrite  (*)NoneNa3Fe3+(SO4)3·3H2O35.0731025
Fibroferrite  (*)Not in a structural groupFe3+(SO4)(OH)·5H2O35.07310107
Galena  (*)RocksaltPbS3531024243
Goethite  (*)DiasporeFeO(OH)35.073107437
Gold  (*)CopperAu35.0731030554
Gypsum  (*)GypsumCa(SO4)·2H2O35.073106890
Halite  (*)RocksaltNaCl35.073101398
Halotrichite  (*)HalotrichiteFe2+Al2(SO4)4·22H2O35.07310409
Hematite  (*)CorundumFe2O335.0731014640
Hetaerolite  (*)SpinelZnMn3+2O435.0731073
Hohmannite  (*)AmarantiteFe3+2O(SO4)2·8H2O35.0731010
Huenite  (*)NoneCu4(MoO4)3(OH)235.073102
Idaite  (*)Stannite SphaleriteCu3FeS435310142
Ilmenite  (*)CorundumFe2+Ti4+O335.073105433
Jarosite  (*)AluniteKFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6353102228
Kalinite  (*)NoneKAl(SO4)2·11H2O35.0731054
Kaolinite  (*)Clay KaoliniteAl2Si2O5(OH)4353105591
Kröhnkite  (*)RoseliteNa2Cu(SO4)2·2H2O3531027
Lavendulan  (*)NoneNaCaCu5(AsO4)4Cl·5H2O35310149
Leightonite  (*)NoneK2Ca2Cu(SO4)4·2H2O353109
Leucophosphite  (*)LeucophosphiteKFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)·2H2O35.07310110
Libethenite  (*)AndalusiteCu2(PO4)(OH)35310234
Lindgrenite  (*)NoneCu3(Mo6+O4)2(OH)235.0734.73021
Magnesite  (*)CalciteMg(CO3)35.073101487
Magnetite  (*)SpinelFe2+Fe3+2O435.0731014899
Malachite  (*)MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)23531012537
Manganite  (*)RutileMn3+O(OH)35.07310770
Marcasite  (*)MarcasiteFeS235.073105674
Marshite  (*)SphaleriteCuI3531012
Melanterite  (*)MelanteriteFe(SO4)·7H2O35.07310915
Mendozavilite-KCa  (*)Betpakdalite[K2(H2O)15Ca(H2O)6][Mo8P2Fe3+3O34(OH)3]35.0734.7301
Mendozavilite-NaCu  (*)Betpakdalite[Na2(H2O)15Cu(H2O)6][Mo8P2Fe3+3O34(OH)3]35.073102
Mendozite  (*)NoneNaAl(SO4)2·11H2O35.0731028
Metahohmannite  (*)AmarantiteFe3+2O(SO4)2·4H2O35.073109
Metasideronatrite  (*)NoneNa2Fe3+(SO4)2(OH)·H2O35.0731028
Metatorbernite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O35310443
Metavoltine  (*)MetavoltineK2Na6Fe2+Fe3+6O2(SO4)12·18H2O35.0731078
Metazeunerite  (*)NoneCu(UO2)2(AsO4)2·8H2O35310182
Miersite  (*)SphaleriteAgI35.0731010
Minyulite  (*)NoneKAl2(PO4)2F·4H2O35.0731031
Mirabilite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)·10H2O35.07310223
Molybdenite  (*)MolybdeniteMoS235.073105800
Muscovite  (*)Mica ClayKAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)235.0731017380
Natroalunite  (*)AluniteNaAl3(SO4)2(OH)635.07310128
Natrochalcite  (*)NatrochalciteNaCu2(SO4)2(OH)·H2O353106
Natrodufrénite  (*)DufréniteNaFe2+Fe3+5(PO4)4(OH)6·2H2O35.0731046
Natrojarosite  (*)AluniteNaFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)635.07310254
Natropharmacosiderite  (*)PharmacosideriteNaFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4·4H2O35.0731013
Nitratine  (*)CalciteNa(NO3)35.0731091
Obradovicite-KCu  (*)Betpakdalite[K2(H2O)17Cu(H2O)6][Mo8As2Fe3+3O34(OH)3]35.073102
Obradovicite-NaCu  (*)Betpakdalite[Na2(H2O)17Cu(H2O)6][Mo8As2Fe3+3O34(OH)3]35.073101
Obradovicite-NaNa  (*)Betpakdalite[Na2(H2O)16Na(H2O)6][Mo8As2Fe3+3O33(OH)4]35.0734.7301
Olivenite  (*)AndalusiteCu2(AsO4)(OH)35310492
Opal  (*)AmorphousSiO2·nH2O35.073102994
Orthoclase  (*)FeldsparK(AlSi3O8)35.073102349
Parabutlerite  (*)Not in a structural groupFe3+(SO4)(OH)·2H2O35.0731023
Paratacamite  (*)AtacamiteCu3(Cu,Zn)Cl2(OH)635310158
Pharmacosiderite  (*)PharmacosideriteKFe3+4(AsO4)3(OH)4·6-7H2O35.07310428
Pickeringite  (*)HalotrichiteMgAl2(SO4)4·22H2O35.07310265
Picromerite  (*)PicromeriteK2Mg(SO4)2·6H2O35.0731044
Plumbojarosite  (*)AlunitePb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)635.07310477
Posnjakite  (*)NoneCu4(SO4)(OH)6·H2O35310309
Powellite  (*)ScheeliteCa(MoO4)35.0734.730494
Pyrite  (*)PyriteFeS23531039462
Pyrolusite  (*)RutileMnO235.073103106
Pyrophyllite  (*)Clay PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)235310771
Quartz  (*)QuartzSiO235.0731061156
Römerite  (*)RömeriteFe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4·14H2O35.07310115
Rutile  (*)RutileTiO235.073105614
Salesite  (*)NoneCu(IO3)(OH)353102
Sampleite  (*)NoneNaCaCu5(PO4)4Cl·5H2O3531040
Scorodite  (*)NoneFe3+(AsO4)·2H2O35.073101153
Sideronatrite  (*)NoneNa2Fe3+(SO4)2(OH)·3H2O35.0731073
Silver  (*)CopperAg35.073105186
Smithsonite  (*)CalciteZn(CO3)35.073102473
Sphalerite  (*)SphaleriteZnS3531021482
Sulphur  (*)SulphurS35.073102045
Tamarugite  (*)TamarugiteNaAl(SO4)2·6H2O35.0731087
Tennantite-(Fe)  (*)TetrahedriteCu6(Cu4Fe2)As4S13353101803
Tenorite  (*)NoneCuO353101101
Thénardite  (*)NoneNa2(SO4)35.07310299
Titanite  (*)TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O35.073104899
Turquoise  (*)TurquoiseCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O35310484
Ulexite  (*)NoneNaCaB5O6(OH)6·5H2O35.07310160
Ungemachite  (*)NoneK3Na8Fe3+(SO4)6(NO3)2·6H2O35.073102
Voltaite  (*)VoltaiteK2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12·18H2O35.07310111
Wulfenite  (*)ScheelitePbMoO435.0734.7301655
Zoisite  (*)EpidoteCa2Al3[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)35.073101025



2 Ages assigned to this locality:

Excel IDMax Age (Ma)Min Age (Ma)Age as listed in referenceDating MethodAge InterpretPrioritized?Sample SourceSample NumRun NumAge from other LocalityDated MineralMinerals explicitely stated as having this ageAge applies to these ElementsMinDat Locality IDDated Locality (Max Age)Location as listed in referenceReferenceReference DOIReference IDAge Notes
Mo-0000735.0734.7334.9±0.17Re-Os, U-Pb molybdenite, zircon   Betpakdalite-CaCa, Ferrimolybdite, Lindgrenite, Molybdenite, Powellite, Wulfenite, Mendozavilite-KCaMo641Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, ChileChuquicamata MineBallard et al. (2001); Ossandón et al. (2001)   
PorphCu-00002353135–31      Alunite, Antlerite, Atacamite, Bornite, Brochantite, Chalcopyrite, Chrysocolla, Conichalcite, Covellite, Djurleite, Epidote, Galena, Jarosite, Kaolinite, Libethenite, Molybdenite, Montmorillonite, Pyrite, Pyrophyllite, Sampleite, SphaleriteCu641Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, ChileChuquicamataSinger et al. (2008) USGSOFR2008_1155 


SampleSource LocalityReference URL
R050212Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R050212
R050607Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R050607
R060018Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R060018
R050604Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R050604
R060111Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R060111
R050211Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R050211
R050213Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R050213
R100015Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R100015
R110015Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R110015
R060754Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R060754
R070547Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R070547
R050170Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R050170
R050572Chuquicamata Mine, Chuquicamata District, Calama, El Loa Province, Antofagasta, Chilehttps://rruff.info/R050572


All locality data graciously provided by mindat.org

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